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subjective presence of writers/speakers in texts as they adopt stances
towards both the material they present and those with whom they com
municate. It is concerned with how writers/speakers approve and disap
prove, enthuse and abhor, applaud and criticise, and with how they
position their readers/listeners to do likewise. It is concerned with the
construction by texts of communities of shared feelings and values, and
with the linguistic mechanisms for the sharing of emotions, tastes and
normative assessments. It is concerned with how writers/speakers con
strue for themselves particular authorial identities or personae, with how
they align or disalign themselves with actual or potential respondents,
and with how they construct for their texts an intended or ideal audience.
