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以下文章来源于 语言学札记
“学姐，Education和TESOL专业到底有什么区别啊？”
“学姐，我毕业之后想回国做英语老师，该选哪个专业啊？”
“学姐，我本科不是英语专业的，但是对英语教学很感兴趣，我可以申请Tesol专业吗？”
“学姐，TESOL专业毕业之后可以读博吗？”
…
以上，是目前学姐被问得最最频繁的问题，当然也是同学们最关心和最疑惑的问题。
今天就来从专业定义、申请要求、课程设置、就业岗位/读博四个方面详细对比Education和TESOL这两个专业。（具体专业信息以学姐的母校UCL为例，其他学校的情况大致相同，可后台留言咨询详情，或自行前往学校官网查看）
文章结尾有关于Education / TESOL专业和Applied Linguistics专业的对比，感兴趣的同学也可以关注一下。
转专业申请TESOL的问题，请看?转专业可以申请英国TESOL专业吗？我们教你如何“曲线救国”！
01
从专业定义上对比
Education
官网解释：“The MA Education encourages and enables students to think deeply and critically about education as a field of study. Our stimulating programme supports students to begin to articulate, explain and justify their own position within this complex and diverse field.”
简单来说，Education是研究人类教育现象和问题、揭示一般教育规律，指导教育实践的一门社会科学。具有很强的理论性和实践性。从宏观的角度来看，教育学是一个大的概念，包括很多细化的分支，比如学前教育、比较教育、特殊教育、数学教育、历史教育等等。
TESOL
全称Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages , 中文翻译是“对外英语教学”。TESOL是研究外语习得方法的一门偏实践类的学科，是专门为培养英语教师而设置的。
英语教学的对象依其母语可分成两群：英语是母语的人(如美国人,英国人,加拿大人)和英语非母语的人(如南美洲人,中国人,法国人)。TESOL的教学对象是后者。对外英语教学与普通的英语教学相比有自己的理论和方法，需要考虑英语学习者（English Language Learner）的文化背景和教育程度。TESOL和英语语言学以及教育学在有些知识层面是共通的，也就是说我们在学习TESOL时也会用到应用语言学和教育学的相关知识。要注意，TESOL专业的落脚点是“英语教学”，不仅仅是“外语”。
此外，需要注意的是UCL的TESOL项目分为两类：一类是In-service，需要申请人有两年以上工作经历。
官网解释：“The TESOL MA (in-service) aims to enhance the career prospects of a second or foreign language teacher and contribute to professional development. Students will explore the latest developments in the theory, policy and practice of TESOL, working with leading experts in the field and other MA students from around the world.”
另一种是Pre-service，申请者可以没有教学经验，适合刚毕业还没有什么行业经历但希望从事教育相关行业的小白们。
官网解释：“The TESOL (Pre-Service) aims to enhance the employment prospects of graduates who hope to become English Language Teaching practitioners but who have no professional experience of teaching English to speakers of other languages. Students will explore the latest developments in the theory, policy and practice of TESOL, working with leading experts in the field and a large cohort of MA students.”。
02
从申请要求上对比
Education
Entry requirements：“A minimum of a second-class Bachelor's degree from a UK university or an overseas qualification of an equivalent standard. (Please note: one or two optional modules may have additional, specific entry requirements).”
TESOL
Entry requirements：“Applicants should have a second-class Bachelor's degree in a relevant subject (e.g. English, languages, education, linguistics). Applicants normally need at least two years' full-time language teaching experience or part-time equivalent post first degree. ”
而另一个Pre-service，申请者可以没有教学经验，这对于刚毕业的同学来说是非常友好的。
Entry requirements：“Normally a minimum of a second-class Bachelor's degree from a UK university or an overseas qualification of an equivalent standard in a related area in the field of English or linguistics.”
部分学校也接受转专业申请TESOL请看?转专业可以申请英国TESOL专业吗？我们教你如何“曲线救国”！
对于TESOL的选校介绍请看?3分钟带你了解英国TESOL专业
Education和TESOL对GPA及语言成绩的要求
英国本科学位2：1，国内211院校均分80以上，非211院校85以上。
对于语言的要求是Good Level，也就是雅思总分不低于7.0，单项小分不低于6.5。语言成绩不达标的同学可以提前申请IOE的语言课程。
03
从课程设置上对比
Education
- Compulsory modules
What is Education?
Understanding Research
- Optional modules
Gender, Sexuality and Education
Assessment for Learning
Critical Perspectives on Learning and Teaching
Education and Development in Asia
Contemporary Issues in English Education
Education, Values and Identities
Early Childhood Education
TESOL（in-service）
Fundamentals of Second and Foreign Language Teaching
Dissertation Applied Linguistics and TESOL
- Optional modules (节选）:
Bilingualism and Multilingualism
Language and Identity
Language Testing and Assessment
Materials Development for Language Teaching
Second Language Acquisition
Sociolinguistics and Sociocultural Theory
Teaching and Researching Speaking and Listening
Tesol (pre-service)
Teaching English: Theories and Approaches
The English Language Learner
Researching Second Language Learning
- Optional modules（节选）
Bilingualism and Multilingualism
English Language Teaching Classroom Practice
Language and Identity
Language Testing and Assessment
Materials Development for Language Teaching
Second Language Acquisition
Teaching and Researching Speaking and Listening
TESOL的就读体验请看?在UCL读TESOL专业是一种怎样的体验
04
从毕业、就业上对比
相同
都可以进中小学做教师
都可以去教育机构做雅思托福GRE老师
都可以进普通高校做行政类老师，部分高校也可以做英语老师（具体看学校招聘要求）
不同
因为Education的课程内容更宏观，毕业之后更适合做教育类行政、课程设计、教学研究等工作；Education还可以去出版社、报社尤其是和教育相关的行业；
TESOL的课程更偏于实践，比较适合做教师，深入教学一线，把学到的理论运用到教学实践中。
学姐最后再补充一点关于Applied Linguistics专业的介绍。
Applied Linguistics官网解释：“It is designed to develop understanding of key concepts and issues related to applied linguistics and engage students in the theoretical and empirical investigation of real-world situations, contexts and issues in which language plays a crucial role, while also exploring language education globally.” AL是研究应用语言学的概念和问题，并让学生参与对语言起关键作用的现实世界情况、背景和问题的理论和实证研究，同时也会探索全球的语言教育。
相对来说，AL的录取要求和TESOL相似：Normally a minimum of a second-class UK Bachelor's degree in a relevant subject (e.g. English, languages, linguistics, communication), or an overseas qualification of an equivalent standard is required.
但从就业角度看，AL专业毕业之后也是可以从事语言教育类工作的（比如英语老师）。
同学如果对Applied Linguistics专业感兴趣，可以后台留言告诉我们，我们会做一次详细的介绍。
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/prospective-students/graduate/taught-degrees/education-ma
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/prospective-students/graduate/taught-degrees/teaching-english-speakers-other-languages-tesol-pre-service-ma
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/prospective-students/graduate/taught-degrees/teaching-english-speakers-other-languages-tesol-in-service-ma
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/ioe/courses/graduate-taught/applied-linguistics-ma
