讲座主题

“青年人文学者沙龙”讲座第四讲

“语讳中的音系操作”

主讲人：史濛辉

复旦大学现代语言学研究院青年副研究员

荷兰莱顿大学语言学博士

主持人：周硕

中国海洋大学文学与新闻传播学院讲师

【主讲人介绍】

史濛辉博士于2020年在荷兰莱顿大学语言学中心（Leiden University Centre for Linguistics, LUCL）取得博士学位。此前，他分别于2015年及2012年在复旦大学中文系获得硕士及学士学位。他的研究兴趣主要为语音学、方言学、社会语言学和历史语言学。目前，史濛辉博士已在《中国语文》、《方言》、《语言学论丛》等国内外期刊集刊上发表专业论文十数篇。

【讲座内容简介】

语言避讳（Linguistic tabooing）广泛存在于世界语言中。本研究旨在比较汉语方言和非洲语言中语讳的触发机制与避讳策略的异同。结果显示，汉语方言和非洲语言存在一定差异。从触发机制来看，在汉语方言中，同音异义词（homonymy）是首要的触发项，声韵调都起了重要的作用。而在一些非洲语言中，CV结构是主要触发项，声调的作用则相对较弱。从避讳策略来看，辅音置换（consonant substitution）是汉语方言和非洲语言一种共享的常用策略。但与非洲语言不同的是，汉语方言也普遍使用元音及声调的置换来进行避讳。

Linguistic tabooing exists widely across the world’s languages. This study aims to sketch triggers and strategies in tabooing practices concentrating on the phonological aspect in Chinese dialects by a tentative comparison to some African languages. A general conclusion is that both the triggers for grouping lexical items together in the application of manipulation rules and the strategies for manipulating lexical items that need to be avoided are quite different. In terms of triggers, in Chinese dialects, homonymy (including consonants, vowels, and tones) is the primary criterion for triggering linguistic tabooing practices. Compared to consonants and vowels, tones give the same weight to the recognition of sound similarity. In some African languages (i.e., Southern Nilotic, Bantu, and Cushitic languages), the CV structure is the minimal unit for activating the awareness of linguistic tabooing practices, while tones are usually excluded from the recognition of sound similarity. Regarding the strategies of avoiding linguistic taboos, consonant substitution as a shared phonological manipulation is adopted by speakers of both areas. However, except for consonant substitution, both vowel and tone substitutions are also widely used in Chinese dialects, which however, are rarely observed in the vast majority of African cases exemplified in this study.

讲座时间：2020年9月13日 14:00-16:00

腾讯会议ID：303 230 556

会议密码：129412